Ev in poker play

Focus on spots where your decisions have a clear positive expected value (EV). For example, if you hold a flush draw on the turn with 9 outs, calling a half-pot bet is profitable long-term–your equity (~18%) outweighs the price (~25% pot odds). Fold if the math doesn’t justify the call.

Adjust your EV calculations based on opponent tendencies. Against aggressive players, factor in implied odds–your potential winnings from future bets–when deciding whether to continue with draws. Against tight opponents, prioritize immediate pot odds since they’re less likely to pay you off.

Bluff with hands that block your opponent’s calling range. If you raise A♠5♠ on a K♠9♦4♠ board, your ace reduces their chance of holding AK or AQ, making folds more likely. This increases your bluff’s EV compared to random air.

Review hands where EV wasn’t obvious. Did you overfold against small bets? Did you miss value by checking the river too often? Tracking these leaks sharpens your decision-making. Use software like PokerTracker to spot patterns.

Balance high-EV plays with table dynamics. A profitable 3-bet bluff might backfire if your image is too loose. Sometimes, passing up thin edges preserves your ability to exploit opponents later.

EV in Poker Strategy and Gameplay Tips

Calculate EV for every decision, even small ones. If a call costs $10 and you expect to win $15 on average, the +$5 EV makes it profitable. Ignoring marginal spots adds up over time.

Adjusting EV Calculations for Opponent Tendencies

Against tight players, fold equity increases–your bluffs work more often. Against calling stations, reduce bluff frequency and value-bet thinner. Update EV estimates based on real-time reads.

Use pot odds to simplify EV decisions. Facing a $20 bet into a $50 pot? You need 28.5% equity to break even. If your hand has 35% equity, calling is +EV.

Exploiting Common EV Mistakes

Most players overestimate their fold equity in multiway pots. Isolate weak opponents heads-up where your bluffs have higher success rates. Target players who fold too much on the river with small bet sizing.

Track your own EV leaks. Review hands where you called with 22% equity against a pot offering 25% odds. Fixing these -EV spots improves win rates faster than chasing big bluffs.

Understanding Expected Value (EV) in Poker Decisions

Calculate EV before calling or folding by comparing potential gains to the cost of the decision. If a $50 pot requires a $10 call with a 25% chance to win, EV = (0.25 * $50) – $10 = $2.50. Positive EV means long-term profit.

Adjust EV calculations for opponent tendencies. Against aggressive players, factor in extra bluff equity. If they fold 40% to river bets, include that in your expected winnings when deciding to bluff.

Use pot odds with EV for precise calls. When facing a half-pot bet, you need 25% equity to break even. If your hand has 30% against their range, calling has positive EV.

Track marginal spots where EV differences are small. Folding a hand with +$0.05 EV might be correct if variance harms your bankroll, even if math favors the call.

Re-evaluate EV mid-hand when new cards change equity. Flopping a flush draw turns a -EV preflop call into a +EV play if implied odds justify chasing.

Weigh EV against table dynamics. A slightly -EV call can be correct if it keeps you in a soft game where future +EV spots outweigh the loss.

How to Calculate EV for Preflop All-In Situations

To calculate EV in preflop all-in situations, compare your equity against the pot odds. Use this formula:

• EV = (Equity × Total Pot) – (Your Investment)

For example, if you have 40% equity in a $200 pot after going all-in for $80:

• EV = (0.40 × $200) – $80 = $80 – $80 = $0 (break-even)

Follow these steps for accurate calculations:

1. Determine your hand equity using tools like Equilab or PokerStove.
2. Calculate the total pot (your stack + opponent’s call + any dead money).
3. Subtract your investment (the amount you risk).

Adjust for opponent tendencies:

• Against tight players, reduce equity estimates by 5-10%.
• Against loose callers, add 3-5% to your equity.

Common preflop all-in EV scenarios:

• Pocket pairs: Against two overcards, you have ~55% equity.
• Suited connectors: ~45-50% against premium hands.
• Ace-king: ~48-50% against pocket pairs below KK.

Use these shortcuts for quick decisions:

• If your equity is higher than the required pot odds, the call is +EV.
• For all-in shoves, ensure your fold equity compensates for marginal spots.

Using EV to Decide Between Calling and Folding Postflop

Compare the pot odds to your estimated equity when deciding whether to call or fold postflop. If your chance of winning the hand is higher than the required breakeven percentage, calling becomes profitable.

Quick EV Calculation for Postflop Calls

Use this formula when facing a bet:

EV = (Pot Size * Equity) – (Call Amount * (1 – Equity))

For example, if the pot is $100, your opponent bets $50, and you have 35% equity:

• Pot after call: $200 ($100 + $50 + your $50)
• EV = ($200 * 0.35) – ($50 * 0.65) = $70 – $32.5 = +$37.5

Since EV is positive, calling is correct here. Adjust for implied odds if you expect to win more on later streets.

Common Postflop Scenarios

Flush draws: With 9 outs (36% equity by the river), call most single bets up to 25% pot size. Against larger bets, consider fold equity or opponent tendencies.

Gutshot straight draws: 16% equity makes calling small bets (under 15% pot) profitable if you can realize your full equity.

Overcards: Six clean outs (24% equity) justify calls against small continuation bets, especially in position.

Track these decisions in your hand history reviews. Spotting just two EV+ calls per session that you previously folded adds significant long-term profit.

Adjusting Bet Sizes Based on EV Calculations

Choose bet sizes that maximize your expected value by considering opponent tendencies and board texture. A small bet (25-33% pot) often works best on dry boards when you want to extract value from weak hands while minimizing risk. On wet boards, a larger bet (50-75% pot) protects your equity against draws and folds out marginal hands.

Against loose opponents, increase your bet size when holding strong value hands. If they call 70% of the time with weak pairs, a 60% pot bet yields higher EV than a 30% bet. Against tight players, smaller bets get called by their stronger range, so avoid overbetting.

Use EV calculations to balance bluffing frequencies. If a half-pot bluff needs to work 33% of the time to break even, but your opponent folds 50%, the bet is profitable. Adjust sizing based on their fold frequency–smaller bluffs gain more EV against stations, while larger bluffs exploit nitty players.

In multiway pots, reduce bet sizes with medium-strength hands. A 40% pot bet into three players often achieves the same fold equity as a 60% bet heads-up but risks less against stronger ranges. Calculate EV based on collective calling probabilities rather than individual tendencies.

When building pots with nutted hands, size up against calling stations. If a player calls 80% of river bets with any pair, a 120% pot bet generates more EV than a 70% bet. Confirm their calling range through hand history before committing to large sizing.

Monitor opponent adjustments. If they start folding to 50% pot bets but call 30% bets, shift to smaller value bets and increase bluff frequency at the smaller size. Recalculate EV monthly using tracking software to refine your sizing strategy.

Exploiting Opponent Mistakes for Maximum EV

Identify opponents who frequently overfold to river bets and target them with thin value bets. If a player folds 60% of the time on the river, a half-pot bluff needs only 25% success to be profitable–but against these players, your success rate will often be higher.

Targeting Weak Callers

Against loose-passive players who call too wide, reduce bluffing frequency and increase value bet sizing. For example, if an opponent calls 70% of flop c-bets, bet 75% pot with strong hands instead of the standard 50-60% to maximize EV from their mistakes.

Track opponents who consistently under-defend their blinds. Against players folding >65% to steals, widen your button opening range to include hands like K9o or Q7s–these marginal hands become profitable due to their high fold equity.

Exploiting Betting Patterns

When facing opponents who always check-raise strong hands but never bluff, fold medium-strength hands instantly to their aggression. Against players who only bet 30% pot with weak holdings, call more liberally with draws and second pairs to capitalize on their incorrect sizing.

Spot players who give up after facing resistance–if they check-fold turn after c-betting 80% of flops, float them light on the flop with any two cards when in position. Their high continuation bet frequency combined with low turn barrel rate creates automatic profit opportunities.

Against opponents who min-bet with weak ranges, raise 4x instead of the standard 3x to punish their sizing mistake. Min-betters often fold to aggression, so increasing your raise size improves both fold equity and EV when they call with inferior hands.

EV Considerations in Multiway Pots

Multiway pots require tighter hand selection–your equity drops significantly against multiple opponents, so avoid marginal hands that rely heavily on fold equity. Hands like small pocket pairs and suited connectors gain value, while weak aces and broadway cards lose profitability.

Hand Selection Adjustments

• Play fewer speculative hands from early position–your implied odds decrease with more players likely to call.
• Prioritize hands with nut potential (e.g., A♠ K♠ over A♦ J♦) to avoid split pots and dominated scenarios.
• Fold low suited aces (A2s-A5s) unless stack depths justify set-mining or flush potential.

Betting Strategies

In multiway pots, bet sizing impacts EV more than heads-up:

1. Use larger bets (75-100% pot) with strong value hands–more opponents mean higher chance someone calls.
2. Bluff less frequently–each additional player reduces fold equity by ~15-20% per opponent.
3. Check strong draws like open-ended straight-flush combos; multiway dynamics often give you free or cheap cards.

When facing aggression, recalculate pot odds based on active players. A 25% equity call with 3 opponents needs at least 4:1 pot odds, not the 3:1 you’d use heads-up.

Postflop, prioritize pot control with medium-strength hands. For example, top pair weak kicker in a 4-way pot often checks to avoid bloating the pot against better hands.

Balancing Bluffs and Value Bets for Optimal EV

Maintain a 2:1 ratio of value bets to bluffs on the river when your range is polarized. This ensures opponents can’t exploit you by over-folding or over-calling. For example, if you bet $100 into a $200 pot, they need to defend 33% of the time–your bluffs become profitable when they fold more than 40%.

Adjust bluff frequencies based on board texture. On dynamic boards (e.g., J♠9♠6♦), increase bluffs to 35-40% since opponents miss draws often. On static boards (K♦8♥2♣), reduce bluffs to 20-25% as their calling range strengthens.

Use blockers to refine bluff selection. Hands like A♠5♠ on a Q♠7♠2♥ flop block nut flush draws, making them ideal bluffs. Conversely, avoid bluffing with weak unconnected cards (e.g., 7♦2♣) that don’t reduce opponent equity.

Size bluffs smaller in multi-street spots. A 50% pot bet on the turn allows a 33% pot follow-up on the river, keeping pressure while risking less. This works well with hands that can improve, like gutshots or backdoor draws.

Merge your bluffing range on wet boards. Semi-bluff with hands like open-ended straight draws or flush draws, which have 30-45% equity if called. This balances your strategy and adds EV from fold equity + potential wins.

Track opponent tendencies to adjust ratios. Against tight players, bluff 10-15% more often; versus stations, replace bluffs with thin value bets like middle pair. Use HUD stats like fold-to-cbet to identify leaks.

Balance bet sizing for both value and bluffs. If you always bet 75% pot with value hands, use the same size for bluffs to prevent sizing tells. Randomize smaller bets (50-60% pot) with marginal hands to disguise strength.

Common EV Traps and How to Avoid Them

One frequent mistake is overestimating fold equity in bluff-heavy spots. If opponents call too often, your bluffs lose EV. Check their calling frequencies before committing chips.

Ignoring Opponent Tendencies

Assuming all players react the same way to bets leads to poor EV decisions. Adjust your strategy based on specific opponent behavior:

Trap	Solution
Bluffing against calling stations	Only bluff when you have solid equity backup
Value betting too thin vs. nits	Check back marginal hands for pot control
Over-folding vs. aggressive regs	Call wider with decent showdown value

Misapplying Theoretical Concepts

GTO-based EV calculations often fail against weak players. Against recreational opponents:

• Simplify your ranges – play more straightforward value hands
• Reduce bluff frequency – fish call too much
• Size up for value – they pay off larger bets

Another trap is chasing draws without proper odds. Calculate your needed equity before calling:

• Flush draw (9 outs): ~36% by the river
• Open-ended straight (8 outs): ~32% by the river
• Gutshot (4 outs): ~16% by the river

Finally, watch for tilt-induced EV leaks. Set stop-loss limits and take breaks after bad beats to maintain optimal decision-making.

Q&A:

How do I calculate EV in poker?

EV (Expected Value) is calculated by multiplying each possible outcome by its probability and summing the results. For example, if you bet $100 with a 50% chance to win $200 and a 50% chance to lose $100, your EV is (0.5 * $200) + (0.5 * -$100) = $50. This means the bet is profitable in the long run.

When should I fold even if the pot odds seem good?

Pot odds alone don’t always justify calling. If your opponent’s range is strong and you have little chance to improve, folding is correct. For example, facing a large river bet with a weak hand, even with decent pot odds, folding avoids losing more money against better hands.

What’s the biggest mistake players make with EV decisions?

Many players ignore implied odds—future bets they can win if they hit their hand. They focus only on immediate pot odds, leading to incorrect folds or calls. For example, folding a draw with high implied odds might be a mistake if opponents pay off big bets later.

How does table position affect EV?

Late position increases EV because you see opponents’ actions before deciding. For example, raising from the button with a wide range is profitable, as blinds often fold. Early position requires stronger hands, as more players can act after you, reducing EV.

Can bluffing have positive EV?

Yes, if opponents fold often enough. For example, betting $50 into a $100 pot needs a 33% fold rate to break even. If they fold more than that, bluffing is profitable. Consider opponent tendencies and board texture to maximize EV.

How do I calculate EV in poker?

To calculate EV (Expected Value), multiply each possible outcome by its probability and sum the results. For example, if you bet $50 with a 40% chance to win $100 and a 60% chance to lose $50, the EV is (0.4 * $100) + (0.6 * -$50) = $40 – $30 = +$10. A positive EV means the play is profitable long-term.

Why is EV important in poker strategy?

EV helps you make better decisions by quantifying long-term profitability. If you consistently choose +EV plays, you’ll win more over time. It removes guesswork and emotional bias, letting you focus on actions that maximize winnings.

Can EV be negative in poker?

Yes, EV can be negative if a play loses money on average. For instance, calling a bet with weak odds often has a negative EV. Avoiding -EV moves is key to improving your game.

How do pot odds relate to EV?

Pot odds compare the current pot size to the cost of a call. If the pot offers better odds than your chance of winning, calling is +EV. For example, if you need a 25% chance to win but the pot gives 3:1 odds (33% implied), calling is profitable.

What’s a common EV mistake beginners make?

Many beginners overvalue strong hands and ignore pot odds. For example, calling large bets with a flush draw when the pot odds don’t justify it. Even with a good hand, if the math says it’s -EV, folding is often correct.

How do I calculate EV in poker?

To calculate EV (Expected Value), multiply each possible outcome by its probability and sum the results. For example, if you bet $100 with a 50% chance to win $200 and a 50% chance to lose $100, your EV is (0.5 * $200) + (0.5 * -$100) = $50. This means the bet is profitable in the long run.

Why is EV important in poker strategy?

EV helps you make better decisions by quantifying whether a play is profitable over time. If a move has a positive EV, it increases your long-term winnings. Negative EV plays lose money. Focusing on EV prevents emotional or impulsive decisions, keeping your strategy mathematically sound.

Can EV be applied to bluffing?

Yes. Bluffing has EV based on fold equity and pot odds. If the opponent folds often enough, the EV of bluffing becomes positive. For example, if there’s $100 in the pot and you bet $50 with a 40% chance they fold, EV = (0.4 * $100) + (0.6 * -$50) = $10. The bluff is profitable here.

How does EV change with different player types?

Tight players fold more often, making bluffs against them higher EV. Loose players call more, so value bets gain higher EV. Adjust your strategy by estimating their tendencies—bluff less against calling stations, bet bigger for value against weak opponents.

Is EV the only factor in poker decisions?

No. EV is key, but other factors matter too. Bankroll management, table dynamics, and opponent tendencies can influence choices. Sometimes a slightly negative EV play might be worth it to exploit a player’s mistakes or create a deceptive image.

How do I calculate EV in poker?

To calculate expected value (EV), multiply each possible outcome by its probability and sum the results. For example, if you bet $100 with a 50% chance to win $200 and a 50% chance to lose $100, your EV is (0.5 * $200) + (0.5 * -$100) = $50. Positive EV means a profitable play long-term.

Reviews

**Male Names :**

*”LOL, EV in poker? Bro, I barely passed math in school, and now I’m supposed to calculate expected value mid-hand? I just shove when my gut says ‘yolo’ and pray. Sure, maybe I’d win more if I actually thought about ranges or whatever, but where’s the fun in that? Half the time I forget if a flush beats a straight (wait, does it?). Honestly, my ‘strategy’ is just hoping the other guy blinks first. And yeah, I’ve lost my rent money twice. Still, watching poker vlogs makes me feel smart, so that counts, right? Maybe one day I’ll stop calling with 7-2 offsuit ‘for the meme’… but probably not.”* (330 символов)

ShadowReaper

**”How many of you actually track EV in real-time, or just pretend to ‘feel’ it while making excuses for bad plays? Be honest.”**

Mia

Wow, nothing screams ‘fun’ like reducing poker to math equations. Because clearly, the best part of bluffing is calculating EV while your soul slowly withers away. But sure, let’s pretend we’re all just robots folding pre-flop. Riveting.

NovaFury

EV in poker? More like ‘Extra Victory’ if you ask me! Sure, math isn’t everyone’s idea of fun, but think of it as your secret lucky charm—only it actually works. Fold a bad hand? That’s +EV for your sanity. Call a bluff? +EV for your stack. And when you nail those calculations mid-game, you’re basically a poker wizard—minus the pointy hat (unless that’s your thing). The best part? Every tiny +EV move adds up, like pocketing free chips while everyone else is busy complaining about bad beats. So next time you’re debating a call, just whisper ‘EV, baby’ and let the math do the magic. Profit never looked so stylish!

Michael Bennett

*”Listen, kid. You stare at those cards like they owe you money, but math don’t care about your gut. Fold too much, and you’re a coward. Call too much, and you’re a wallet. That EV number? It’s not some magic spell—it’s cold, hard truth. You wanna win? Then bleed for it. Study every hand like it’s your last. Bluff when the math says so, not when your ego itches. And when variance kicks your teeth in? Good. That’s the game. Either respect the grind or get out.”*

Samuel

*”Seriously, how many of you clowns actually think you’ve got a clue about EV in poker? You lot spout GTO like it’s gospel but still punt stacks with hero calls dumber than a drunk donkey at a 1/2 table. Bet half of you can’t even calculate pot odds without a HUD doing the work for you. Or are you just regurgitating YouTube ‘coaches’ who’ve never won a tournament bigger than a bar league? Let’s hear it—what’s your *genius* move when you’re sitting with a marginal spot and the math says fold, but your ego screams ‘I’m due’? Or do you just click buttons and pray variance kisses your forehead?”* *(P.S. If your answer includes ‘I trust my reads,’ save us the fiction—your live tells are probably as reliable as a coin flip.)*

Harper

*”Oh wow, you really cracked the code—fold bad hands, bet good ones! But tell me, genius, when some fish calls your 3-bet with 7-2o and rivers two pair, is that just ‘negative variance’ or proof EV is a scam for masochists who like math?”* (341 chars)

William Parker

EV isn’t just math—it’s chaos with numbers. Forget clean edges; poker thrives on mess. If you calculate EV like a robot, you’ll miss the human errors that make the game profitable. Bluffing into a calling station? Bad math, but sometimes the right move. Overfolding against a maniac? Theoretically weak, but if it keeps you sane, do it. GTO is a compass, not a map. Deviate when instincts scream. Spot a player who folds too much to 3-bets? Exploit it, even if the solver says otherwise. Balance matters less at low stakes—most opponents won’t notice. Bet sizing is overthought. Small bets get calls from weak hands; big bets get folds from mediocre ones. Neither is “correct.” Adjust mid-hand if the table dynamic shifts. Tilt isn’t always bad. Controlled aggression after a bad beat can steal pots—just don’t burn the bankroll. Study hands where you lost. The wins? Often luck. The losses? Usually leaks. Play fewer tables. More focus means more reads, and reads beat theory in live games. Stop overvaluing suited connectors. They’re fun, but AJo wins more often. Final thought: If your strategy feels comfortable, it’s wrong. Profit hides in discomfort.

Christopher Gray

EV isn’t just math—it’s the backbone of every profitable decision. Ignoring it turns poker into glorified gambling. Tight ranges and disciplined folds mean nothing if you can’t quantify edges. Spotting +EV plays separates grinders from tourists. Overvalue implied odds, and you’ll bleed chips; underestimate fold equity, and you’ll miss steals. The trick? Treat every hand like a ledger. Calculate, adjust, exploit. No room for ego or superstition. Tables change, but EV stays ruthless. Master it, or pay someone else’s rent.

MysticMuse

Wow, did you just copy-paste some random poker jargon and call it advice? Or do you actually think anyone’s gonna fold a flush because your ‘genius’ math says so? Maybe next time try playing a real hand before pretending to teach others, huh?

Isabella Garcia

Oh, EV—the sacred cow of poker math, worshipped by grinders who think spreadsheets make them invincible. Sure, calculate your precious expected value, darling, but don’t forget: GTO won’t stop some drunk whale from spiking a two-outer on the river while humming *Sweet Caroline*. Math keeps you fed, but chaos pays the rent. And let’s talk about these “gameplay tips” everyone peddles like snake oil. “Fold more!” Cool, now you’re nitty *and* predictable. “Bluff aggressively!” Enjoy getting snapped off by the OMC who hasn’t folded a pair since 1987. The real pro move? Accepting that half the table is either a bot or a maniac, and neither cares about your balanced range. So yeah, crunch your numbers, memorize your frequencies—just don’t cry when reality laughs in your face. Poker’s a beautiful mess, and no amount of theory will change that. Now shove preflop and pray.

CyberHawk

“Seriously, how many of you actually calculate EV mid-hand without freezing like a deer in headlights? Or is this just another ‘theoretically perfect’ advice that crumbles when some drunk whale shoves all-in with 72o? Let’s hear your most facepalm EV misjudgment—bet mine’s worse.” (280 chars)

Nicholas

“Yo, if EV is so key, why do I still punt stacks like a drunk donkey? Got a trick to stop tilt-blaming variance?” (127 chars)

FrostWolf

*”EV? More like ‘eventually vanished’ if you ask me. Everyone drones on about calculating edges like it’s some holy grail, but let’s be real—most of us are just guessing and praying the river doesn’t murder our stack. Sure, study ranges, memorize spots, but then some clown shoves 72o and spikes two pair. Math won’t save you from that. And even when you ‘make the right play,’ variance’s got a sick sense of humor. Spend hours grinding, fold your way to +EV nirvana, then lose it all in three hands to some guy playing drunk on his phone. The game’s rigged—not by the site, just by life. But hey, keep tracking those stats. Maybe one day the graph will go up… or you’ll finally accept that poker’s just a fancy way to hate yourself.”*

Amelia Lopez

*”Oh honey, you really think folding every hand ‘preserves your EV’? Or are you just scared to lose that $2 buy-in? Spill it—what’s the WILDEST bluff you’ve pulled that actually worked? (And don’t say ‘I had a feeling’—we all know you can’t read souls… yet.)”*

Andrew Brooks

*”Alright, let’s be honest—how many of you actually calculate EV mid-hand, or do you just nod along like it’s some sacred poker mantra while secretly hoping your gut instinct isn’t completely wrong? I’ll admit it: half the time I’m just reverse-engineering my decisions post-flop to justify why I called with 7-2 offsuit. ‘But the implied odds!’ Sure, Jan. And let’s talk about those ‘optimal’ strategies. How often do you fold the ‘correct’ way only to watch some maniac win with a nonsense bluff, leaving you questioning every life choice that led you to this moment? Are we all just pretending to be math wizards while quietly seething at variance, or is there some secret sauce I’m missing? Seriously—how do you balance EV with not wanting to look like a robot at the table? Or is that the point?”* (398 символов)

Brandon

EV purists will tell you to fold your grandma’s favorite hand because ‘the math says so.’ Meanwhile, the guy who bluffs with 7-2 offsuit is stacking chips while you’re stuck in GTO la-la land. Newsflash: poker isn’t a spreadsheet. If you’re not exploiting the drunk whale at your table for every cent, you’re doing it wrong. Sure, study your ranges—but if you’ve never overfolded to a maniac or underbluffed against a nit, you’re just a robot with a HUD. The real edge? Knowing when to ignore EV and trust your gut. Math can’t smell fear.

Charlotte

*”How do you adjust EV calculations when opponents frequently overfold to bluffs but call too wide against value bets? Feels like balancing ranges gets messy when their leaks don’t align neatly.”* (92 chars)

**Female Names and Surnames:**

“EV helps measure long-term profitability. Focus on spots where opponents make mistakes—overfolding or calling too wide. Adjust bet sizes based on their tendencies. Small edges add up over time. Avoid fancy plays; consistency beats hero calls. Track hands to spot leaks.” (180 chars)

Evelyn Clark

*”Oh honey, you really think you’ve got EV all figured out, don’t you? Cute. But let’s be real—how often do you actually calculate it mid-hand, or are you just hoping your gut isn’t lying to you again? And those ‘gameplay tips’—are they just recycled platitudes, or do they account for the fact that most players fold too much against aggression? Spill it: what’s the one leak in your own EV calculations that you’re too stubborn to fix?”*